eNSP实现默认路由、静态路由、浮动路由、等价路由、单臂路由
1.默认/缺省路由
命令如下：
配置接口IP：
[R1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 12.1.1.1 30 [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit [R2]interface g0/0/0 [R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 12.1.1.2 30 [R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit [R2]interface g0/0/1 [R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 23.1.1.1 30 [R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit [R3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 [R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 23.1.1.2 30 [R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit
配置缺省路由
配置缺省路由的参数有很多，最常用的参数配置为：
ip route-static [目的IP地址或网段] [子网掩码] [下一跳IP地址]
[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 12.1.1.2 #配置缺省路由，指定下一跳为12.1.1.2 [R3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 23.1.1.1 #配置缺省路由，指定下一跳为23.1.1.1
在路由表中，缺省路由以到网络0.0.0.0（掩码也为0.0.0.0）的路由形式出现。
通过命令display ip routing-table查看当前是否设置了缺省路由。
<R1>display ip routing-table Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Routing Tables: Public Destinations : 11 Routes : 11 Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface 0.0.0.0/0 Static 60 0 RD 12.1.1.2 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 12.1.1.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 12.1.1.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 12.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 12.1.1.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
使用ping命令测试结果：
[R1]ping 23.1.1.2 PING 23.1.1.2: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break Reply from 23.1.1.2: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=254 time=30 ms Reply from 23.1.1.2: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=254 time=20 ms Reply from 23.1.1.2: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=254 time=30 ms Reply from 23.1.1.2: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=254 time=50 ms Reply from 23.1.1.2: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=254 time=30 ms --- 23.1.1.2 ping statistics --- 5 packet(s) transmitted 5 packet(s) received 0.00% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max = 20/32/50 ms
2.静态路由
配置缺省、静态路由
配置缺省、静态路由的参数有很多，最常用的参数配置为：
ip route-static [目的IP地址或网段] [子网掩码] [下一跳IP地址]
[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 12.1.1.2 #配置缺省路由，指定下一跳为12.1.1.2 [R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 12.1.1.1 #配置静态路由，指定去往192.168.1.0子网，下一跳为12.1.1.2 [R2]ip route-static 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 23.1.1.2 #配置静态路由，指定去往192.168.2.0子网，下一跳为23.1.1.2 [R3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 23.1.1.1 #配置缺省路由，指定下一跳为23.1.1.1
通过命令display ip routing-table查看当前是否设置了缺省路由。
<R2>dis ip routing-table Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Routing Tables: Public Destinations : 12 Routes : 12 Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface 12.1.1.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 12.1.1.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 12.1.1.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 12.1.1.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 23.1.1.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 23.1.1.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 23.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 23.1.1.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 192.168.1.0/24 Static 60 0 RD 12.1.1.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 192.168.2.0/24 Static 60 0 RD 23.1.1.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
使用PC1-PC2 ping命令测试结果：
PC1>ping 192.168.2.1 Ping 192.168.2.1: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break Request timeout! From 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=125 time=15 ms From 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=125 time=31 ms From 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=125 time=16 ms From 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=125 time=31 ms --- 192.168.2.1 ping statistics --- 5 packet(s) transmitted 4 packet(s) received 20.00% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max = 0/23/31 ms
3.浮动路由